In Australia's Northern Territory (NT), the government has lowered the age of criminal responsibility, meaning that children as young as 10 can now be imprisoned.

There has been pressure on Australian states and territories to increase the age of criminal responsibility from 10 to 14 in accordance with recommendations from the UN and other industrialized nations.

Last year the NT became the first jurisdiction to lift it to 12, but the new Country Liberal Party government elected in August has said a reversal is necessary to reduce youth crime rates.

It has argued that returning the age to 10 will ultimately protect children - despite doctors, human rights organisations and Indigenous groups disputing that logic.

They say the research indicates the laws will not reduce crime and will disproportionately affect Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.

The NT already jails children at a rate 11 times higher than any other jurisdiction in the country, and almost all of them are Aboriginal.

The territory’s new government says it has a mandate after an overwhelming election victory following a campaign that promised being tough on crime.

It argues being able to criminalise children younger will help divert them away from future crime.